"Understanding the test structure was a game-changer for us. Once we knew exactly what each component assessed, we could prepare strategically instead of just doing random practice tests." — Karen M., Parent of 2024 James Ruse Offer Recipient
Data Sources
Official Sources Cited:
- NSW Department of Education - Selective High Schools Test Information - Official test format and structure
- ACER (Australian Council for Educational Research) - Test development methodology
Last verified: December 2025
Understanding the NSW Selective High School Placement Test
The NSW Selective High School Placement Test is the gateway to all 47 selective and partially selective high schools in New South Wales. Whether your child is targeting Sydney Boys, James Ruse, North Sydney Girls, or any other selective school, they will sit the same standardised test—and their performance across four equally-weighted components will determine their placement outcomes.
Families who understand the test structure thoroughly prepare more effectively than those who approach it blindly. This guide provides the comprehensive breakdown you need to prepare strategically.
The 2025-2026 Test Format: What's Changed
From 2025, the NSW Selective High School Placement Test is fully computer-based. This represents a significant shift from previous years when the test was paper-based, and it has practical implications for preparation:
- Typing speed matters for the Writing component
- On-screen reading requires different skills than reading on paper
- Navigation and interface familiarity can impact performance
- Practice should include computer-based mock tests to build comfort
The test consists of four equally-weighted components, each contributing 25% to the total score:
NSW Selective Test Structure at a Glance
2026 Test Format
Components
Equally weighted at 25% each
Total Minutes
Testing time (plus breaks)
Total Questions
Across all components
Computer-Based
From 2025 onwards
Component 1: Reading (40 minutes)
What the Reading Component Assesses
The Reading component evaluates a student's ability to comprehend, analyse, and interpret written texts across multiple genres. This isn't simply about understanding what words mean—it tests the deeper skills of inference, analysis, and critical thinking that predict success in a rigorous academic environment.
Students encounter a variety of passages including fiction excerpts, non-fiction articles, poetry, and persuasive texts. The questions progress from straightforward comprehension to complex inference and analysis, with the more challenging questions specifically designed to differentiate high-performing candidates.
Reading Component Overview
Questions: 30 multiple choice (4 parts: 8, 6, 6, and 10 questions) Time: 40 minutes Weight: 25% of total score Format: Computer-based, multiple texts Time per question: ~80 seconds average
Skills Tested in Reading
The Reading component specifically assesses:
Literal Comprehension
- Understanding explicitly stated information
- Identifying main ideas and key details
- Recognising sequence and chronology
Inferential Comprehension
- Reading between the lines to understand implied meaning
- Drawing conclusions from textual evidence
- Understanding cause and effect relationships
Analytical Skills
- Identifying author's purpose and perspective
- Recognising tone, mood, and voice
- Understanding how language choices create effects
Vocabulary in Context
- Determining word meanings from surrounding text
- Understanding figurative language and idioms
- Recognising connotations and shades of meaning
Text Structure Analysis
- Understanding how texts are organised
- Identifying structural features and their purposes
- Recognising how different text types work
What Makes Reading Questions Challenging
The questions that differentiate top performers from average candidates are almost always inference questions. These require students to:
- Combine information from different parts of the text
- Understand what is implied but not explicitly stated
- Recognise subtle shifts in tone or perspective
- Evaluate the strength of textual evidence
A student might correctly answer 25 straightforward comprehension questions but struggle with the 5 inference questions—and those 5 questions often make the difference between a Sydney Boys offer and a reserve list placement.
Effective Reading Preparation Strategies
Build Genuine Reading Skills (Not Just Test Strategies)
The most effective preparation for the Reading component is developing genuine reading ability through wide, diverse reading. Students should regularly engage with:
- Literary fiction (including classics and contemporary works)
- Non-fiction articles (science, history, current affairs)
- Poetry (both traditional and modern)
- Persuasive and opinion pieces
- Informational texts with complex structures
Focus on Inference Practice
Since inference questions are the primary differentiator, dedicate significant practice time to:
- Identifying what is implied versus explicitly stated
- Finding textual evidence to support conclusions
- Recognising author's unstated assumptions
- Understanding character motivations and perspectives
Develop Strategic Time Management
With 30 questions in 40 minutes, students have approximately 80 seconds per question. Effective strategies include:
- Reading the questions before the passage to focus attention
- Marking uncertain answers for review rather than getting stuck
- Allocating more time for complex inference questions
- Leaving 3-5 minutes at the end for review
Build Vocabulary Through Context
Rather than memorising word lists, students should:
- Keep a vocabulary journal of unfamiliar words encountered in reading
- Practice determining meaning from context clues
- Learn common prefixes, suffixes, and root words
- Understand how words change meaning in different contexts
Reading Preparation Insight
The students who perform best in Reading aren't necessarily the fastest readers—they're the most strategic readers. They know when to skim, when to read closely, and how to efficiently locate evidence in a text. Practice these skills explicitly.
Practice Resources for Reading
Access our free reading comprehension practice tests to assess current skill levels and identify areas for improvement.
Component 2: Mathematical Reasoning (40 minutes)
What Mathematical Reasoning Assesses
The Mathematical Reasoning component goes beyond testing computational skills to assess a student's ability to apply mathematical concepts to solve problems. While students need solid arithmetic foundations, the emphasis is on reasoning, pattern recognition, and problem-solving rather than complex calculations.
This component is specifically designed to identify students who can think mathematically—who can see patterns, apply logic, and translate real-world situations into mathematical expressions.
Mathematical Reasoning Overview
Questions: 35 multiple choice Time: 40 minutes Weight: 25% of total score Format: Computer-based, no calculator permitted Time per question: ~69 seconds average
Content Areas Covered
The Mathematical Reasoning component draws from Year 5-6 curriculum but presents content in unfamiliar contexts that require genuine understanding rather than rote application. Key areas include:
Number and Algebra
- Number operations and properties
- Fractions, decimals, and percentages
- Ratios and proportional reasoning
- Algebraic thinking and simple equations
- Number patterns and sequences
Measurement and Geometry
- Length, area, volume, and capacity
- Time, speed, and distance relationships
- Angles and geometric properties
- Coordinate geometry basics
- Transformations and symmetry
Statistics and Probability
- Interpreting graphs and tables
- Calculating averages and ranges
- Basic probability concepts
- Data analysis and comparison
Problem-Solving
- Multi-step word problems
- Working backwards from solutions
- Logical reasoning with numbers
- Pattern recognition and extension
Why Calculators Aren't Permitted
The test deliberately prohibits calculators because it's assessing mathematical reasoning, not computational ability. The calculations required are manageable through mental arithmetic, and students who have developed strong mental maths skills have a significant time advantage.
This is one area where preparation makes a substantial difference. A student who can instantly calculate 15% of 240 has more cognitive resources available for the actual problem-solving than a student who needs to work through the percentage calculation step by step.
What Makes Maths Questions Challenging
The challenging questions in Mathematical Reasoning typically require:
Multi-step Reasoning Problems that can't be solved in a single operation, requiring students to plan and execute multiple steps while keeping track of intermediate results.
Unfamiliar Contexts Standard concepts presented in novel situations, testing whether students truly understand the mathematics or have just memorised procedures.
Working Backwards Questions that give the answer and ask students to find the starting conditions, requiring flexible mathematical thinking.
Pattern Recognition Identifying mathematical patterns and relationships that aren't explicitly stated, then applying them to new situations.
Effective Mathematical Reasoning Preparation
Master Mental Arithmetic
Fluent mental calculation is foundational. Students should practice until they can quickly and accurately:
- Multiply and divide by single digits
- Calculate percentages mentally
- Add and subtract multi-digit numbers
- Work with fractions and decimals
Practice Word Problems Extensively
The ability to translate words into mathematical expressions is crucial. Focus on:
- Identifying what the question is actually asking
- Extracting relevant numerical information
- Choosing appropriate operations
- Checking whether answers are reasonable
Develop Pattern Recognition
Mathematical patterns appear throughout the test. Practice:
- Number sequences and rules
- Spatial patterns and relationships
- Algebraic pattern generalisation
- Recognising common problem structures
Build Problem-Solving Strategies
Teach explicit strategies such as:
- Drawing diagrams to visualise problems
- Working backwards from the answer
- Testing values systematically
- Breaking complex problems into smaller parts
Common Maths Preparation Mistake
Many students practice speed at the expense of accuracy. careless errors cost more marks than running out of time. Focus on accuracy first—speed develops naturally with practice and understanding.
Practice Resources for Mathematical Reasoning
Access our free mathematical reasoning practice tests to identify strengths and areas for development.
Component 3: Thinking Skills (40 minutes)
Why Thinking Skills Is the Critical Differentiator
A consistent pattern emerges: Thinking Skills is where competitive candidates separate themselves from the pack.
Many students score well in Reading and Mathematical Reasoning—these components build on skills explicitly taught in school. But Thinking Skills assesses cognitive abilities that aren't typically emphasised in standard curriculum: logical reasoning, pattern recognition, spatial visualisation, and abstract thinking.
Students frequently score in the top bands for Reading and Maths, only to fall short in Thinking Skills—and that single component can cost them their offer at top-tier schools like Sydney Boys, James Ruse, or North Sydney Girls.
Thinking Skills Overview
Questions: 40 multiple choice Time: 40 minutes Weight: 25% of total score Format: Computer-based, logical reasoning Time per question: 60 seconds average
What Thinking Skills Assesses
This component evaluates cognitive abilities that predict academic success in challenging environments:
Logical Deduction
- Drawing valid conclusions from given premises
- Identifying logical relationships and dependencies
- Evaluating the validity of arguments
- Recognising logical fallacies
Pattern Recognition
- Identifying patterns in sequences and arrays
- Recognising relationships between elements
- Extending patterns based on underlying rules
- Finding the odd one out based on pattern breaks
Spatial Reasoning
- Mental rotation of 2D and 3D shapes
- Visualising how shapes fit together
- Understanding perspectives and viewpoints
- Paper folding and unfolding problems
Abstract Thinking
- Working with symbols and abstract representations
- Identifying analogous relationships
- Categorising based on abstract properties
- Applying rules to novel situations
Argument Analysis
- Evaluating the strength of evidence
- Identifying assumptions and conclusions
- Recognising relevant versus irrelevant information
- Assessing logical validity
Why Thinking Skills Can't Be "Crammed"
Unlike Reading and Mathematical Reasoning, where content knowledge plays a significant role, Thinking Skills assesses underlying cognitive abilities. These abilities can be developed, but the process is gradual:
- Pattern recognition improves through repeated exposure to diverse pattern types
- Spatial reasoning develops through practice with mental manipulation of shapes
- Logical thinking strengthens through systematic practice with deductive problems
- Abstract reasoning builds through engagement with symbol-based problems
This is why BrainTree Coaching consistently recommends at least 4-6 months of regular Thinking Skills practice. Students who start 2-3 weeks before the test rarely see meaningful improvement in this component.
Types of Thinking Skills Questions
Sequence Completion Identifying the pattern in a sequence of numbers, letters, or shapes, then selecting what comes next.
Matrix Reasoning Finding the missing element in a grid based on row, column, or diagonal patterns.
Analogies Understanding relationships (A is to B as C is to ?) across various domains.
Spatial Manipulation Mental rotation, reflection, folding, and assembly of shapes.
Logical Syllogisms Drawing conclusions from sets of premises using formal logic.
Code Breaking Deciphering symbol systems based on given examples.
Odd One Out Identifying which item doesn't belong based on a common property.
Effective Thinking Skills Preparation
Start Early and Practice Consistently
Because Thinking Skills development is gradual, the key is:
- Begin practice at least 4-6 months before the test
- Practice for 10-15 minutes daily rather than long occasional sessions
- Expose students to diverse question types
- Review incorrect answers to understand reasoning errors
Develop Systematic Approaches
Teach explicit strategies for each question type:
- For sequences: check differences, ratios, and alternating patterns
- For matrices: analyse rows, columns, and diagonals separately
- For spatial problems: use finger tracing or mental landmarks
- For logic problems: diagram the relationships
Build Spatial Reasoning Through Activities
Beyond formal practice, spatial reasoning develops through:
- Puzzles (jigsaw, tangrams, Rubik's cubes)
- Building activities (Lego, construction sets)
- Strategy games (chess, spatial video games)
- Map reading and navigation
Practice Error Analysis
When reviewing incorrect answers:
- Identify why the incorrect answer seemed attractive
- Understand the reasoning that leads to the correct answer
- Look for patterns in types of errors made
- Develop strategies to avoid similar errors
Thinking Skills Success Pattern
The students who excel in Thinking Skills share a common trait: they approach problems systematically rather than intuitively. They explicitly identify the pattern type, apply a structured approach, and verify their answer before moving on. This methodical approach can be taught and practiced.
Practice Resources for Thinking Skills
Access our free thinking skills practice tests and explore our detailed guide on thinking skills development strategies.
Component 4: Writing (30 minutes)
What the Writing Component Assesses
The Writing component is the only part of the selective test that requires extended response rather than multiple choice answers. Students are given a prompt and must produce a piece of writing that demonstrates their ability to develop ideas, structure text coherently, and express themselves with accuracy and sophistication.
With the test now being computer-based, typing proficiency has become a genuine factor in success. Students who type slowly may struggle to produce responses of sufficient length, regardless of their writing ability. BrainTree Coaching recommends a minimum typing speed of 30-35 words per minute for adequate performance.
Writing Component Overview
Task: 1 extended response Time: 30 minutes Weight: 25% of total score Format: Computer-based typing Recommended length: ~200-250 words (official guidance) Recommended typing speed: 30-35 words per minute minimum
What Markers Look For
Writing responses are assessed across multiple criteria:
Ideas and Content
- Relevance to the prompt
- Depth and development of ideas
- Originality and insight
- Coherent argument or narrative
Text Structure
- Clear organisation with logical flow
- Effective opening and conclusion
- Appropriate paragraphing
- Transitions between ideas
Language Use
- Vocabulary sophistication and precision
- Sentence variety and complexity
- Appropriate register and tone
- Effective use of language techniques
Accuracy
- Spelling accuracy
- Grammar and punctuation
- Sentence construction
- Consistent tense and point of view
Types of Writing Prompts
Students may encounter various prompt styles:
Persuasive/Argumentative Taking a position on an issue and supporting it with reasons and evidence.
Narrative Creating a story with plot, character, and setting elements.
Reflective Exploring personal experiences, ideas, or perspectives.
Descriptive Creating vivid impressions through sensory and figurative language.
Imaginative Responding creatively to visual or textual stimuli.
The key is to respond appropriately to the specific prompt rather than using a pre-prepared piece that doesn't quite fit.
The Typing Speed Factor
With the transition to computer-based testing, typing proficiency is now a practical barrier for some students. Consider:
- 30 minutes at 30 wpm = 900 words maximum output
- After planning (3-5 mins) and reviewing (2-3 mins), actual writing time is ~22-25 mins
- At 30 wpm, this allows for 660-750 words of raw output
- Final piece after editing: 200-350 words is realistic
Students typing below 25 wpm will struggle to produce adequate responses. We recommend:
- Assess current typing speed using free online tools
- Practice typing regularly for at least 6-8 weeks before the test
- Use typing programs designed for age-appropriate skill development
- Practice writing specifically on a computer, not just paper
Effective Writing Preparation
Learn Multiple Text Type Structures
Students should have templates for:
- Persuasive essays (introduction, arguments, counter-argument, conclusion)
- Narratives (orientation, complication, climax, resolution)
- Reflective pieces (experience, reflection, insight)
- Descriptive writing (sensory details, figurative language, atmosphere)
Develop Vocabulary Banks
Build collections of sophisticated vocabulary for:
- Emotions and character descriptions
- Settings and atmosphere
- Transition words and phrases
- Persuasive language and rhetorical devices
Practice Timed Writing
Regular timed practice develops:
- Quick planning skills (3-5 minutes)
- Efficient drafting without perfectionism
- Time awareness during writing
- Basic proofreading speed
Focus on Prompt Response
Markers specifically assess relevance. Practice:
- Identifying what the prompt actually asks
- Staying focused on the topic throughout
- Connecting ideas back to the prompt
- Avoiding tangents or pre-prepared pieces
Common Writing Mistakes
The most common mistakes are: (1) not directly addressing the prompt, (2) running out of time due to slow typing, and (3) formulaic responses that lack genuine engagement. Markers can identify rehearsed pieces that don't respond to the specific prompt.
Practice Resources for Writing
Access our Writing Mastery Course for systematic coverage of all text types, and use our vocabulary practice exercises to build sophisticated language skills.
How the Components Work Together
The Composite Score
Your child's placement outcome isn't determined by any single component—it's the composite score across all four that determines ranking. This has important implications:
Consistency Matters More Than Peak Performance
A student with scores of 85, 85, 85, 85 will likely outperform a student with 95, 95, 95, 60. The latter's Thinking Skills weakness significantly impacts their composite ranking.
Weaknesses Are Costly
Because components are equally weighted, a weak component drags down the overall result disproportionately. Identifying and addressing weaknesses early is crucial.
Balanced Preparation Is Essential
Time should be allocated across all four components, with extra focus on identified weaknesses rather than only practicing areas of strength.
Strategic Preparation Recommendations
Key insights:
- Diagnose First - Assess current performance across all four components before starting intensive preparation
- Address Weaknesses - Allocate more practice time to weaker components
- Start Thinking Skills Early - This component shows the slowest improvement, so begin early
- Build Typing Speed - If below 30 wpm, dedicate time to typing practice
- Practice Under Test Conditions - Regular timed mock tests build stamina and time management
Test Components: Quick Reference
Summary of all four components
| Reading | 40 min | 30 MCQ |
| Mathematical Reasoning | 40 min | 35 MCQ |
| Thinking Skills | 40 min | 40 MCQ |
| Writing | 30 min | 1 Task |
Next Steps: Preparing for Success
Understanding the test structure is the foundation—but it's only the first step. Effective preparation requires:
- Diagnostic Assessment - Identify current strengths and weaknesses across all components
- Structured Practice Plan - Allocate time appropriately based on diagnostic results
- Regular Mock Tests - Build stamina and time management under test conditions
- Progress Monitoring - Track improvement and adjust focus as needed
Preparation Resources
Start your selective test preparation
Free Diagnostic Assessment
Identify your child's strengths and areas for development across all 4 test components
Access ResourceFree Practice Tests
Access practice tests for Reading, Maths, Thinking Skills, and Writing
Access ResourceSelective School Preparation Course
Comprehensive program covering all test components with expert coaching
Access ResourceThinking Skills Development Guide
Detailed strategies for improving in the most challenging component
Access ResourceDisclosure: BrainTree Coaching offers selective school preparation programs. While this guide aims to provide genuinely useful information regardless of whether families choose to work with us, readers should be aware of this relationship.
Related Resources
- NSW Selective Test Preparation Strategies - Proven methods
- NSW Selective Test Day Guidelines - What to expect
- NSW Selective Schools Directory - Complete list of 47 schools
- Selective School Success Strategies for 2026 - Complete methodology
Have questions about selective test preparation? Contact our team or explore our Selective School Preparation Program for comprehensive support.